Sunburn is UV damage that's already happened — the goal of aftercare is minimizing discomfort and supporting recovery, not reversing the burn itself.
Cool the skin
Cool (not ice-cold) showers or compresses help reduce heat and discomfort in the first hours after burning — avoid ice directly on skin, which can cause additional damage.
Moisturize, avoid petroleum-based products
Aloe vera or a gentle, fragrance-free moisturizer supports healing — petroleum-based products can trap heat in the skin and are generally discouraged on fresh sunburn.
Stay hydrated and avoid further sun
Sunburn draws fluid to the skin's surface, and staying hydrated supports recovery — the burned area should be fully protected from further sun exposure until healed, since it's now significantly more vulnerable to additional damage.
When does sunburn need medical attention rather than home care?
Seek medical care for widespread blistering, fever, chills, severe pain, signs of infection, or sunburn affecting a large portion of the body — these go beyond what home care is designed to address.